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- The Schlager Anthology of Women’s History
The Schlager Anthology of Women’s History
A Student’s Guide to Essential Primary Sources
Edited by Kelli McCoy
Published by: Schlager Group Inc.
Series: Schlager Anthologies for Students
832 pages, 8.00 x 10.00 in, Photographs and drawings
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The Schlager Anthology of Women's History offers a modern, original library reference set covering women's history from ancient times to the present day. Modeled after the award-winning Schlager Anthology of Black America, this 3-volume set traces women's history through more than 200 critical historical documents: speeches, letters, court opinions, interviews, legislative documents, and more. Designed for high-school and undergraduate college students as well as general researchers, this set features carefully excerpted document texts, brief introductions to each source, and short-answer questions designed to facilitate skills related to analyzing primary sources and using historical evidence. The set is edited by Dr. Kelli McCoy (Point Loma Nazarene University) and features the contributions of numerous scholars.
Supported Courses
With its breadth of content, The Schlager Anthology of Women's History supports students and researchers in numerous courses, including:
- Women's History
- Gender Studies
- U.S. History
- American Studies
- World History
- Western Civilization
The set offers an essential resource for students and researchers exploring topics regarding the cultural, social, and political influence of women throughout history. Additionally, the set is useful for Women's History Month activities.
Approach and Organization
The Schlager Anthology of Women's History features carefully curated documents along with scholarly introductions that put each document into its historical context. In addition, highly targeted activities help students engage with and analyze each textual document. The set is organized into 15 chapters, ranging from “Women and Gender in the Ancient World” to “Justice Movements in the Twenty-first Century.” Each chapter includes an introductory essay about the subject and contents found within it as well as a list of Further Reading resources—books, articles, and websites.
The Schlager Anthology of Women's History gives educators an unparalleled resource to support their instruction and gives students and researchers a fresh, modern, and engaging way to examine historical documents. This essential tool helps students and researchers better understand the history and cultural impact of women in history. Inclusive and accessible to a wide range of researchers, The Schlager Anthology of Women's History is an essential reference tool for your library.
1. Women and Gender in the Ancient World
- Enheduanna: Hymns to Inana (c. 2250 BCE)
- The Code of the Assura (c. 1075 BCE)
- Sappho : Poetry fragments (c. 600s BCE)
- Herodotus: The History of the Persian Wars (c. 430 BCE)
- Ban Zhao: Lessons for a Woman (c. 80 CE)
- Plutarch: Moralia, "Bravery of Women" (c. 100 CE)
- Soranus: Soranus' Gynecology (early 2nd century CE)
- Juvenal: Satire VI: Don't Marry (c. 115 CE)
- The Martyrdom of Saints Perpetua and Felicitas (c. 202 CE)
- St. Jerome: "On a Girl's Education" Letter CVII to Laeta (c. 403 CE)
2. Women in the Early Modern Era
- Julian of Norwich: Revelations of Divine Love (Chapter LVIII) (1373)
- Geoffrey Chaucer: "The Wife of Bath's Tale" from The Canterbury Tales (1392)
- Christine de Pisan: The Treasure of the City of Ladies (ca. 1405)
- Joan of Arc: Letter to the King of England (1429)
- Margery Kempe: The Book of Margery Kempe (c. 1440)
- Malleus Maleficarum (1486)
- Veronica Franco: Letter to a Mother (in Venice) (late 1500s)
- Queen Elizabeth: Speech to the Troops at Tilbury (1588)
- Ursula de Jesus: Visions of the World to Come (1650)
- Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz: The Poet's Answer to Sor Filotea de La Cruz (1691)
- Mary Astell: A Serious Proposal to the Ladies (1697)
- Lady Mary Wortley Montagu: Letter on Smallpox Inoculations (1717)
- Lady Hong: "Diary of Lady Hong, Korean Queen" (1750)
- William Blackstone: "Of Husband and Wife," Commentaries on the Laws of England (1765)
3. Women in Colonial and Revolutionary America
- Deodat Lawson: "A Further Account of the Tryals of the New England Witches, Letter to Nathaniel Higginson"
- Massachusetts Bay Colony Trial against Anne Hutchinson (1637)
- Margaret Brent’s Request for Voting Rights (1648)
- Anne Bradstreet: “Before the Birth of One of Her Children” (mid-1600s)
- Virginia’s Act XII: Negro Women’s Children to Serve according to the Condition of the Mother (1662) (1662)
- Elizabeth Sprigs: Letter from an indentured servant (1756)
- Phillis Wheatley: “His Excellency General Washington”
- (1775)
- Abigail Adams: Remember the Ladies Letter to John Adams (1776)
- Cherokee Women : "Letter to Governor Benjamin Franklin, September 8, 1787" (1787)
- Benjamin Rush: Thoughts on Female Education (1787)
4. Women's Rights in the Late Modern Era
- Catherine Sawbridge Macaulay: Letters on Education (1790)
- Olympe de Gouges: Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the Female Citizen (1791)
- Mary Wollstonecraft: A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792)
- Mary Hays: Appeal to the Men of Great Britain in Behalf of Women (1798)
- Priscilla Bell Wakefield: Reflections on the Present Condition of the Female Sex; with Suggestions for Its Improvement (1798)
- Savitribai Phule: "Poem: "Go, Get Education" (mid-1800s)
- Caroline Norton: Letter to the Queen on Lord Chancellor Cranworth's Marriage and Divorce Bill (1855)
- Maria Eugenia Echenique: The Emancipation of Women (1876)
- Tarabai Shinde: A Comparison Between Women and Men (1882)
- Emmeline Pankhurst: Freedom or Death (1913)
- Virginia Woolf: A Room of One's Own (1929)
5. American Women's Lives in the Nineteenth Century
- Fanny Kemble: Journal of a Residence on a Georgian Plantation (1838)
- Catherine Beecher: Treatise on Domestic Economy (1841)
- Margaret Fuller: Woman in the Nineteenth Century (1845)
- Amelia Jenks Bloomer: Alas! Poor Adam (1870)
- Page Act (1875)
- Susan B. Anthony: "The Status of Woman, Past, Present, and Future" (1897)
- Victoria Woodhull: Lecture on Constitutional Equality (1871)
- Sarah Winnemucca Hopkins: Life among the Piutes (1883)
- Elinore Pruitt Stewart: Letters of a Woman Homesteader (1914)
6. Votes for Women: Suffrage in the U.S.
- Sarah Grimke: "Letter III: The Pastoral Letter of the General Association of Congregational Ministers of Massachusetts" from Letters on the Equality of the Sexes and the Condition of Woman (1837)
- Seneca Falls Convention Declaration of Sentiments (1848) (1848)
- Lucretia Mott: Discourse on Women (1849)
- Sojourner Truth: "Ain’t I a Woman?” (1851)
- Elizabeth Cady Stanton: Address to the New York Legislature (1854)
- Minor v. Happersett (1874)
- Francis Parkman: Some of the Reasons against Woman Suffrage (1883?)
- Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin: "Address to the First National Conference of Colored Women” (1895)
- Mary Church Terrell: "The Progress of Colored Women" (1898)
- Anna Howard Shaw: Address on the Place of Women in Society (1905)
- Ida Husted Harper: Statement before the U.S. Senate Select Committee on Woman Suffrage (1908)
- Charlotte Perkins Gilman: The Humanness of Women (1910)
- Jane Addams: Why Women Should Vote - January 1910 (1910)
- Alice Paul: Testimony before the House Judiciary Committee (1915)
- Mabel Ping-Hua Lee: The Submerged Half (c. 1916)
- Carrie Chapman Catt: "Equal Suffrage – Aug. 3, 1916" (1916)
- Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1920) (1920)
- William Pickens: "The Woman Voter Hits the Color Line" (1920)
- Alice Moore Dunbar-Nelson: “The Negro Woman and the Ballot” (1927) (1927)
- Eleanor Roosevelt: Women Must Learn to Play the Game as Men Do (1928)
7. Women's Reform and Justice Movements in the U.S.
- Frances Wright: Of Free Enquiry (1828)
- Lydia Maria Child: "An Appeal in Favor of That Class of Americans Called Africans" (1833)
- Harriet Jacobs: Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl (1861)
- Nellie Bly: Ten Days in a Mad-House (1887)
- Jane Addams: “The Subjective Necessity for Social Settlements” (1892)
- Frances Willard: Address before the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union (1890s?)
- Clara Barton: Clara Barton: The Red Cross in Peace and War (1898)
- Ida B. Wells: Southern Horrors (1892)
- Ida B. Wells: Lynching: Our National Crime (1909)
- Rachel Carson: Silent Spring (1962)
8. Women's Work and Labor Movements
- Mary Paul: Letters from Lowell Mills (1845)
- Isabella Beeton: Mrs. Beeton's Book of Household Management (1861)
- Bradwell v. Illinois (1873)
- Lucy Parsons: "The Negro: Let Him Leave Politics to the Politician and Prayers to the Preacher" (1886)
- Clara Zetkin: Women's Work and the Trade Unions (1887)
- Jack London: The People of the Abyss (1902)
- Florence Kelley: Child Labor and Women's Suffrage (1905)
- Kelly Miller: "The Economic Handicap of the Negro in the North" (1906)
- Muller v. Oregon (1908)
- Clara Lemlich: “Life in the Shop” (1909)
- Pauline Newman: Oral History of work at the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory (early 1900s)
- Rose Schneiderman: "Speech on the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire, April 2, 1911" (1911)
- Leonora O'Reily: "Statement to the U.S. House Judiciary Committee, March 13, 1912" (1912)
- Elizabeth Gurley Flynn: The Truth About the Paterson Strike (1914)
- Helena Swanwick: The War in Its Effect Upon Women (1916)
- The National Women's Trade Union League: Women's Work and War (1919)
- Dolores Huerta: Statement to the Senate Subcommittee on Migratory Labor (1969)
- Equal Pay Act (1963)
- Executive Order 11246: Equal Employment Opportunity (1965)
9. Feminism and Equal Rights in the U.S.
- Edith M. Stern : "Women are Household Slaves" (1949)
- Hoyt v. Florida (1961)
- Betty Friedan: Feminine Mystique (1963)
- Report of the President's Commission on the Status of Women (1963)
- Fannie Lou Hamer: Fannie Lou Hamer: Testimony at the Democratic National Convention (1964)
- Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (1964)
- Pauli Murray and Mary O. Eastwood: Jane Crow and the Law: Sex Discrimination and Title VII (1965)
- Casey Hayden and Mary King: Sex and Caste (1965)
- National Organization for Women Statement of Purpose (1966)
- Loving v. Virginia (1967)
- Redstockings: "Miss America Pageant Protest: "No More Miss America!" (1968)
- Sex-Segregated Employment Ads (1968)
- Ella Baker: "Ella Baker: "The Black Woman in the Civil Rights Struggle” (1969)
- Jo Ann Robinson: "The Montgomery Bus Boycott and the Women Who Started It" (1987)
- Gloria Steinem: Living the Revolution (1970)
- Shirley Chisholm: Speech in Favor of the Equal Rights Amendment (1970)
- Phyllis Schlafly: "What's Wrong with "Equal Rights" for Women?" (1972)
- Equal Rights Amendment (1972)
- "Title IX, Education Amendments of 1972" (1972)
- Frontiero v. Richardson (1973)
- Shirley Chisholm: “The Black Woman in Contemporary America” (1974)
- Taylor v. Louisiana (1975)
- Audre Lorde: "Poetry is Not a Luxury" (1977)
- Meritor Savings Bank v. Vinson (1986)
- Bella Abzug: "Women and the Fate of the Earth - March 17, 1990" (1990)
- Sandra Day O'Connor: Portia's Progress (1991)
- Violence Against Women Act (1994)
- United States v. Virginia (1996)
- Patsy Mink: Speech on the 25th Anniversary of Title IX (1997)
- Billie Jean King: "University of Massachusetts, Amherst Commencement Address" (2000)
10. Reproductive Rights in the U.S.
- Comstock Act (1873)
- Margaret Sanger: “Birth Control and Racial Betterment” (1919)
- Buck v. Bell (1927)
- Margaret Sanger: "Awakening and Revolt" (1931)
- Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)
- Margaret Cerullo's Story (1968)
- Roe v. Wade (1973)
- Relf v. Weinberger (1974)
- Madrigal v. Quilligan (1978)
- International Campaign for Abortion Rights: "Press Release: International Day of Action March 31, 1979" (1979)
- Webster v. Reproductive Health Services (1989)
- Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992)
- Ruth Bader Ginsburg: Concurrence in Stenberg, Attorney General of Nebraska v. Carhart (2000)
- Dobbs v. Jackson (2022)
11. Gender, Sexuality, and Marriage in the U.S.
- Emma Goldman: Marriage and Love (1910)
- Mann Act (1910)
- Mackenzie v. Hare (1915)
- Christine Jorgensen: The Story of My Life (1953)
- Denise Harmon: Stonewall Means Fight Back! (1973)
- Sylvia Rivera: "Sylvia Rivera's "Y'all Better Quiet Down" speech," (1973)
- Adrienne Rich: "Compulsory Heterosexuality and Lesbian Existence" (1980)
- June Jordan: "A New Politics of Sexuality" (1991)
- Lawrence v. Texas (2003)
- Obergefell v. Hodges (2015)
12. Modern, Postmodern, and Postcolonial Feminisms
- Simone de Beauvoir: The Second Sex (1949)
- Luce Irigiray: "Women on the Market" from This Sex Which is Not One" (1977)
- Hazel Carby: White Woman Listen! Black feminism and the boundaries of sisterhood (1982)
- Chandra Talpade Mohanty: Under Western Eyes (1984)
- Xiao Lu: "China: Feudal Attitudes, Party Control, and Half the Sky" (1984)
- Ama Ata Aidoo: Ghana: To Be a Woman (1984)
- Audre Lorde: The Master's Tools will Never Dismantle the Master's House (1984)
- Gloria E. Anzaldúa: Borderlands/La Frontera (1987)
- María Lugones: Toward a Decolonial Feminism (2010)
13. Intersectionality in the U.S.
- Zitkala-Ša: “The Cutting of My Long Hair” (1900?)
- Jessie Fauset: "Some Notes on Color" (1922)
- Marita O. Bonner: "On Being Young—A Woman—And Colored" (1925)
- Zora Neale Hurston: "How It Feels to Be Colored Me" (1928)
- Mary McLeod Bethune: "What Does American Democracy Mean to Me?” (1939)
- Combahee River Collective: The Combahee River Collective Statement (1977)
- bell hooks: Feminist Theory: From Margin to Center (1984)
- Anita Hill: Opening Statement at the Senate Confirmation Hearing of Clarence Thomas (1991)
- African American Women in Defense of Ourselves (1991)
- Alicia Garza: "A Herstory of the #BlackLivesMatter Movement" (2014)
- African American Policy Forum: Say Her Name (2015)
- Kimberlé Crenshaw: Keynote at Women of the World 2016 (2016)
- Judith Heumann: Our Fight for Disability Rights and Why We're Not Done Yet (TED Talk) (2018)
- Oprah Winfrey: Cecil B. DeMille Award Acceptance Speech (2018)
- Tarana Burke: Full Power of Women Speech (2018)
14. Women's Rights are Human Rights
- "Elena's Story" (1950s?)
- Indira Gandhi: What Educated Women Can Do (1974)
- "Fabienne's Story" (1970s?)
- "A Mother's Life in Rural Pernambuco, Brazil" (1982)
- Rigoberta Menchú Tum: Nobel Peace Prize Lecture (1992)
- Hillary Clinton: "Women's Rights are Human Rights, United Nations Speech" (1995)
- Benazir Bhutto: Address at the Fourth World Conference on Women (1995)
- Charlotte Bunch: Through Women's Eyes: Global Forces Facing Women in the 21st Century (1995)
- Queen Noor of Jordan: Remarks at the National Organization of Arab-American Women Banquet (1995)
- Wangari Maathai: Nobel Peace Prize Acceptance Speech (2004)
- Betty Williams: Peace in the World is Everybody's Business (2007)
15. Justice Movements in the 21st Century
- Shirin Ebadi: "Iran Awakening: Human Rights, Women, and Islam - February 7, 2008" (2008)
- Luisa D Diogo: Women for a Better World (2008)
- Ellen Johnson Sirleaf: Nobel Lecture: A Voice for Freedom (2011)
- Michelle Bachelet: Time to Make the Promise of Equality a Reality (2011)
- Michelle Obama: Remarks at the 2012 International Women of Courage Awards (2012)
- Malala Yousafzai: Nobel Lecture (2014)
- Emma Watson: HeForShe U.N. Speech (2014)
- Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: We Should All be Feminists (2015)
- Atifete Jahjaga: Support of women's property rights in Kosovo (2015)
- Joyce Banda: Wheelock College Commencement Address (2015)
- Carmen Perez: "Women's March on Washington- Jan. 21, 2017" (2017)
- Emma Gonzalez: "'We call B.S.' address at gun control rally" (2018)
- Autumn Peltier: World Water Day at the U.N. (2018)
- Great Thunberg: Address at World Economic Forum: Our House is on Fire (2019)
- Josina Machel: Male Violence Against Women: the next frontier in humanity TEDx Talk (2020)
- Kamala Harris: "The Status of Women is the Status of Democracy, March 2021" (2021)
- United Nations: Sustainable Development Goal 5 (2022)
Kelli McCoy is Professor of History and Co-Director of the Center for Women's Studies at Point Loma Nazarene University in San Diego, California. She teaches courses in U.S. history, women's history, and world history. Her research focuses on gender, law, and social movements in the early 20th century United States. She has published articles on gender and the media and gender and the law in the U.S. Her current book manuscript focuses on the early 20th century anti-trafficking law called the Mann Act.
"Accessible and inclusive, this anthology will be a valuable addition to high-school and college
libraries alike."
~Lindsay Harmon, Booklist
Introduction
The Schlager Anthology of Women’s History brings together more than 200 primary source documents about the lives and experiences of women, and the social, political, religious, and legal contexts that have shaped their struggles for equality in the United States and globally. This anthology uniquely brings together a diverse range of sources, giving students the opportunity to research, read carefully, think critically, and analyze historical documents.
These primary sources include letters, personal accounts, legislation, speeches, government documents, oral histories, and selections from books and essays written by and about women. The document excerpts are the ideal length for using in class or for students’ own research. Concise explanatory materials written by experts accompany each document. In these, scholars identify the significance and provide the context for each source, along with providing a glossary and questions about the document to guide readers. These sources give students access to exploring first-hand the ideas, assumptions, societies, and legal systems that women have lived within and often struggled against. Through these, students can understand change over time, analyze historical arguments, assess historical interpretations, interpret past events, and understand the complexity and impact of those events.
The Schlager Anthology of Women’s History is organized thematically and chronologically so that students can easily see how documents are related and can compare and contrast documents within any given section. Some of the thematic sections focus specifically on the United States, while others are global. For students in U.S. history courses, there are ample sources focusing on U.S. women’s movements, including thematic sections on the suffrage movement and other reform and justice movements in the United States. For those looking to understand women’s lives and rights movements in a global context, there are several thematic global sections, spanning from the ancient world to the postmodern and postcolonial eras.
Many of the sources represent milestone events in women’s history and include women who were viewed as important, powerful, or world-changing in their own time. From Joan of Arc’s Letter to King Henry VI of England in the fifteenth century, to Michelle Obama’s remarks at the 2012 International Women of Courage Awards in the twenty-first century, readers will encounter the words of women who were widely known in their own time for working to change their worlds.
Just as importantly, this anthology also brings together sources by and about women who were not viewed as powerful or famous during their own time. Readers will find that primary sources from “ordinary” women help with understanding the real-life experiences that created the need and motivation for social, political, economic, legal, religious, and educational changes. Sources like Elizabeth Sprigs’s letter to her father in the 1700s and Fabienne and Elena’s oral histories in the 1900s help readers better understand the daily realities of economic and legal restraints that women have struggled within and persevered through.
The documents are organized chronologically within themes so that students can see the connections between documents. The opening chapter, “Women and Gender in the Ancient World,” helps readers understand the context, assumptions, and stereotypes women faced, challenged, and sometimes embraced. From Ban Zhao’s Lessons for a Woman during the Han Dynasty, to the Roman poet Juvenal’s second-century Satires, readers encounter conceptions of gender in the ancient world.
This anthology intentionally includes documents from a wide array of women, including multiple world regions, various races, ethnicities, nationalities, and religious beliefs, varying degrees of political and economic power, indigenous women, LGBTQ+ women, and more. In the “Votes for Women: Suffrage in the United States” chapter, the sources from white suffragists like Elizabeth Cady Stanton’s Address to the New York Legislature, are set alongside the work of suffragists of color, including Sojourner Truth’s “Ain’t I a Woman?,” Mabel Ping-Hua Lee’s “The Submerged Half,” and Mary Church Terrell’s “The Progress of Colored Women.” When examined as a whole, they demonstrate not only the commonalities between women who fought for the right to vote but also the intersections of race, class, gender, citizenship, and more that gave differing significance to their demands for suffrage.
The final two thematic chapters bring the reader close to the present time, with sources about women’s rights and justice movements around the world. The sources in these sections demonstrate that many of the issues raised by women in prior centuries are still faced by women globally today, including the demand for equal access to education, financial independence, and physical safety. Indira Gandhi’s “What Educated Women Can Do” (1974) and Malala Yousafzai’s Nobel Lecture (2014) remind readers of other movements for women’s education, seen in earlier sources like Catherine Sawbridge Macaulay’s Letters on Education (1790).
The final chapter, “Justice Movements in the Twenty-first Century,” along with the preceding ones, demonstrates the ongoing movements for women’s rights around the world and their intersection with other justice movements, including reproductive rights, economic justice, environmental justice, racial justice, movements against violence, and LGBTQ+ rights. Sources like Autumn Peltier’s Address to the UN World Water Day, Greta Thunberg’s “Our House Is on Fire address,” and the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal 5, all show that the future of the world is deeply connected to the future of women’s equality and activism.
Through these primary sources, students encounter the voices of a diverse range of women who worked to make the world a better place, often despite great obstacles. It is notoriously difficult for historians to access the stories of ordinary people. Typically, only people viewed as important in their own time and place have their historical records and artifacts preserved. In many societies, those “important” people were disproportionately male. For everyone else, there is little historical record, and their memories are lost to time. Some, like the Cherokee women who wrote to Governor Benjamin Franklin, had power in their own societies but were ignored and silenced by others. It is therefore often difficult to find historical sources about women’s thoughts, lives, and experiences. This anthology plays a crucial role in remedying that imbalance by giving students accessible sources by and about women from various times and places. Through these documents, we can hear their voices and stories.
In these accounts of women’s lives and struggles for equality, students will see change over time, but they will also see the ways in which the work is ongoing. What unites these documents is that they reveal the resilience and aspirations of women in the face of legal, social, religious, political, and economic inequalities and their persistence in working toward a better future.
—Kelli McCoy, Point Loma Nazarene University